STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF PATIENT TREATED ON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN NASARAWA STATE (1999-2015).

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF PATIENT TREATED ON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN NASARAWA STATE (1999-2015).

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION:

This study primary aim is laying emphasis on the statistical and trend analysis of patient treated on communicable diseases and also shows ways in which biological sciences can be applied to the study of process involved in preventing and contacting the disease.

The word communicable diseases are those diseases that can be contacted either by air, water, animal or an infected person. It is also known as those type of diseases that can be contacted by having very close contact with an infected person sexually or otherwise.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:

Considering a student of statistics in the field of medicine pathology should b between the basic of science largely in the practical part of most circular and practice of clerical medicine. The study will be written with the primary aim of laying emphasis on the statistical and trend analysis of patient treated on communicable diseases and also shows ways in which biological sciences can be applied to the study of process involved in preventing and contacting the disease.

There are need for the study of statistics of different areas, this is because there are many problems that requires statistical and analysis of patient treated on communicable disease example we need a knowledge of the causes of death to accrue funds to medical institution for the purpose of research findings and collection of data on the number of patient that were on various disease per day. All these problems mentioned above, required the role of a statistician. In the medical line, it must be noted that decision on any of these problems depends on statistical data presented.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:
It has been argued that a good number of Nigerians are said to be victims of communicable disease. This has been attributed to low level of people awareness on the causes and ways by which the disease can be transmitted. Having known this there is a need to create awareness so as to avert further contact of the disease. It is by this view that the researcher will search to know the rate which communicable diseases attack people whether it is on the decrease or increase.

AIM

To determine the statistical and trend analysis (value) of patient treated on communicable diseases.

OBJECTIVES

1.     To acquire knowledge about the causes of communicable diseases

2.     To provide knowledge on the different types of communicable diseases

3.     To provide knowledge on the treatment, method and prevention of these diseases

4.     To determine whether the patient treated on communicable diseases are increasing or decreasing.

DELIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The study is based on the statistical analysis of patient treated on communicable diseases, a case study of Nasarawa State.

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The research work is supposed to have covered the whole of Nasarawa State but the researcher wish to limit it to Nasarawa local government area as to make the research work easy and feasible due to finance, time and unwillingness of respondent.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Communicable diseases are those diseases that can be contacted either by air, water, animal or an infected person. It is also known as those type of diseases that can be contacted by having very close contact with an infected person sexually or otherwise. This disease are called germs, bacteria, virus, they cause sign of morbidity and mortality rate in case where there are epidemics. Some examples of communicable disease include
1. Measles (Rubella)
2. Cholera
3. Acute respiratory tract infection

1.      Measles: this is one of the most contagious of the common diseases of child hood. It is easily transmitted from one person to another, in its early stage before the symptom becomes full brown, the virus which causes measles conveyed by invisible droplet of moisture discharge get from a patient mouth or nose when coughing and sneezing.

2.     Cholera: the bacteria that causes cholera is known as vibro cholera, a motile grain-negative rod, and is acquired by taking food or water that has been contaminated by fecal material.

3.     Acute respiratory tract infection: this is acute and communicable disease which involves the nose, throat, and other respiratory passage that causes difficulty in breathing, it is characterized by plasmatic cough which usually ends with a loud force disputation, the infection is caused by a germ called foreteller pertsis.

CHAPTER TWO

This shall focus on the literature review, the researcher intend to examine literature in relation to communicable disease. In other to achieve this exercise certain issues have been identified, these include types of communicable disease, causes, and its mode of transmission, prevention and level of awareness among the people. Harold shylock (2002) said the causative agent of communicable disease has been identified by medical experts. Almost all the medical experts hold the view that the disease is caused by germs and virus.

The mode of transmission include wearing of contaminated cloth without precaution may lead to the spread of infection to other people, through drinking of contaminated water and improper deposition of water, through use of infected materials like blade, injection needle, forceps used on patient with this disease if not properly wash, sterilized, or disinfected can also contribute to it, it can be transferred through air. The major mode of transmission is by direct and indirect contact with an infected person. Eugene T. J. B (1995)

Everybody is advised to cover mouth and nose with handkerchief, at the time of sneezing or coughing, wash hands before and after eating, each time one come in contact with an infected person, avoid having sex with animals it can transfer virus to the body of a person when they have intercourse or having sex with an infected person.

CHAPTER THREE

The project work shall focus on the research design and methodology.
Source of data collection which will be secondary or documentary data collected for future use not just by the institution but by another people and organization. The population that will be used for the research work will be from Nasarawa local government area of Nasarawa state. The researcher also intend to get sample of patient treated on communicable disease from General Hospital Nasarawa, Henard medical centre, kowa clinic and federal polytechnic medical centre Nasarawa. In other to make statistical inference about the entire population, the data collected will be analyzed using the appropriate test statistic.