THE CAUSES OF RURAL - URBAN MIGRATION

THE CAUSES OF RURAL – URBAN MIGRATION

People do not just migrate from one place to another without a reason or a cause; existing literatures reveals that people migrate for settlement, to seek for refugee as a result of war, for trading activities for inter-marriage.

These, among others are the old and some present causes of migration. Some of these are identified by Ugofi Anyaele (2006:63-11) some of the causes of migration are as follows:
a. Employment opportunity
b. Infrastructural reasons
c. Structural reasons
d. Commercial reasons
e. Educational reasons
f. Communication reasons
g. Economic reasons

In a recent years, many towns have experienced rapid population increase from large number of people who flock into towns for one reason to another some of these reasons can be explained below:

a. Employment reason: It is believed that in the urban centres, there are specialists in various professions, as the rural fork image/guess. Immediately after their into the urban area for employment opportunities are far greater in urban acities, than the rural areas whether in shops, offices factories entertainment or other public services.

b. Infrastructural facilities: The level of development in the rural areas cannot be compared to that of the urban areas. This is due to the fact that in urbanize areas, there are facilities which attract rural people such as recreational centres, standard health care services (hospitals), pipe-borne water, cinema houses hotels electricity and mortorable road.

c. Structural reasons: The system of building houses in the rural areas is far outdated compared to that of the urbanized areas. Modern facilities for building houses are used in the urban cities unlike the rural areas where the building structure are cracking molded with clay and trash roofing.

d. Educational reasons: This urban areas are known to have standard institutions like universities, polytechnics, colleges of education, health technology institution etc. the rural students who wish to further their education come to the urban centres.

e. Communication/information reasons: The rural areas are known for retard development is rapid as a result of implementing government policies. Today, the world is in computer age where modern technology is attaining advancement and people are fast adopting system.

But in the urban areas experience improvement in the standard of living absence of inflation, improved infrastructural facilities and increase in national income or Gross Domestic Product (G.D.P)

Also industrialization helps the economy of the nation. All the industries sited pay certain tax to the government, some percentage to the government of the day (state level). Where industries are situated, it provides employment opportunities to the citizens. Other developmental aspect live the sitting of banks insurance companies, transportation and trading activities are not farfetched.