DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT A COMPUTERIZED DRUG INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
ABSTRACT
Drug procurement and distribution
tracking system is a set of computer programs that obtains the supplies
of drugs, distribute the drugs and monitors the inventory control of the
drugs. Using the pharmaceutical department of Port Harcourt University
teaching hospital as a case study, the department using manual method to
operate lacks good storage of information system for drugs. Recording
system tends to be complex and the method of tracking expired drug is
poor. The good approach to this problem is to involve the use of
computer by designing the form, using Access in developing the database
and Visual basic as the programming language, to enable keeping accurate
record of drug and prevent sales of expired drug. This guarantees the
people’s right to good health care and ensures that drugs received are
genuine and safe.
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Computerization is defined as the
control of processes by computers and its peripherals. Today it would be
difficult to think of any process, business or action that could not
have profited from the numerous benefits of the computer system.
Controlling process or devices with computer started long ago since the
invention of computer. In the 20th century inventors tried to make
processes easier with the use of computers. Secondly computerization has
been greatly applied or used in controlling process that requires
frequent action such as drug procurement, drug management, drug tracking
and drug distributions in hospital management information system in
pharmacy departments of hospitals.
This project which is drug procurement
and distribution tracking system provides a computer based information
management system in a Pharmacy Department of the University of Nigerian
Teaching Hospital (UNTH) Enugu by designing a cost effective, user
friendly application, incorporating key attributes of data integrity and
system security suitable for use in the pharmacy department of the
hospital using Microsoft Access software in developing the database and
visual basic as the programming language.
The overall aim of this project is to
optimize time and material in the processing of data needed for
effective operation of large pharmacy department of a hospital. By this
approach, data integrity, data redundancy, and consistency will be
ensured. Drugs are the chemical substances that are administered to
patients for curative purposes and prophylaxis. It can also be known as a
medicine, because it is the essential part of peoples care. The ability
of the computer to store and retrieve information at a very fast and
efficient rate makes its application useful in management operations.
Drug management involves drug procurement, drug distribution, drug
tracking and its information management. Drug distribution is concerned
with distribution of drugs within the different medical units or
departments in a hospital, while drug procurement is concerned with the
purchasing activities of the drugs by the pharmacy department of the
hospital. In the same vein, drug tracking is concern with the continuous
monitoring of the actual quantity of drugs held in the hospital
pharmacy or any other drug warehouse /store. It also controls the stock
level.
Pharmaceutical unit in a hospital is
concerned with drug management activities. They carry out the
responsibility of making appropriate selection and drugs used by
formulating an annual, monthly, weekly or daily list of drugs
requirement and management reports. However, in some hospitals today,
some pharmacists still use the manual system of operation which can lead
to inappropriate drug management errors due to problems of handling
voluminous file within a short period of time. This could make data to
be easily inaccessible and also delivery of drugs can lead to
misplacement of patients’ files.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Drug procurement, tracking, distribution
and information management in this regard are routine processes carried
out in various hospitals across Nigeria. It is a common place to
observe that these routine processes are still preformed manually or are
minimally computerized even in our Teaching Hospitals. This manual
approach to these routine operations has a lot of problems associated
with it, ranging from poor handling of drug data of patients, lack of
good storage information system for drugs and drug dispensary, delays,
to the difficulty in retrieving information on drugs and patients’
records. In view of all these problems, it becomes necessary to develop a
computer based drug information management system and distribution
tracking system. This is what this research project is set to address by
computerizing the routine processes in our hospitals and in particular
that of Pharmacy Department of UNTH Enugu.
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aim of this research project is to
design and implement a computerized drug information management system,
drug procurement and distribution tracking system. This includes:
(i). To order for drugs without mistake of procuring more than required.
(ii). To take good stock of drugs.
(iii). To prevent dispensary of expired drugs
(iv). To ensure accurate keeping of records of drugs
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The benefits derivable from this work include the following:
- It will provide reliable healthcare services.
- It will guarantee hospital management and patients of genuine and safe drugs.
- It will ensure an efficient and standard drug dispensary system.
- It will provide a data base for stock taking of drugs procured and dispensed any moment.
1.5 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
This research work will cover only the
Pharmaceutical Department of the University of Nigerian Teaching
Hospital (UNTH) Enugu. It will present an up to date and comprehensive
design of the following:
- Planning and control system which includes inventory control and drug distribution
- Drug procurement procedure in a hospital.
- The expiry status of each drugs at any point in time
- The Database of all kinds, types and names of some drugs that would be store and operate on.
1.6 ASSUMPTION
It is assumed that all the information
gathered with the respect to inventory control is correct as implemented
by the university of Nigerian teaching hospital (UNTH) Enugu.
1.7 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
1. Time constraint; There is limited time go and meet the hospital pharmacist for proper information.
2. Due to the sensitive nature of
organizational information, there was reluctance to release vital
information which may jeopardize the security of the organization.
1.8 PROJECT REPORT ORGANIZATION
This research project covers almost all
you need to know about drug procurement and distribution tracking
system. Chapter one is the introduction and it covers the statement of
problem, objectives of the study, significance of the study, scope of
the study, assumption, limitations of the study and definition of terms.
Chapter two is the literature review; it gives the detailed meaning of
every associated word in my topic. Chapter three is the design and
methodology; this involves the operation of the existing system and the
method used. Chapter four is the system analysis and implementation;
which talked about the operation of the proposed system. Chapter five is
the summary, recommendation and conclusion.
1.9 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Database: A collection of logically related data to meet the information need of organization.
DBMS: Database Management Software that enable the user to define, maintain Control the database.
Application Program: A computer program that interacts with the database.
MENU: This is a list of
options presented on the screen with each option identified by short
code followed by longer description of its purposes.
Drug: It is referred to as a medicine or chemical substances that are administered to Patients for curative measures.
Pharmacy: A placed in a hospital where medicine or chemical substances are kept, stored and prepared.
Flowchart: A diagram that shows connection between the different stages of process of the system.
Primary Key: The candidate key that is selected to identify the individual within the relation.
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